Research & Data

Vibe Coding Security Statistics

Comprehensive data on security vulnerabilities in AI-generated code. Research from Stanford, OWASP, and industry sources on the real risks of vibe coding.

Last updated: January 2025

Key Statistics

40%
AI code contains vulnerabilities

Stanford University research found that developers using AI coding assistants produce code with security vulnerabilities approximately 40% of the time when working on security-sensitive tasks.

Source: Stanford University (2023)

80%
AI apps have security issues

Security scans of AI-generated applications reveal that approximately 80% contain at least one exploitable vulnerability before remediation.

Source: OWASP AI Security Research (2024)

70%
Missing security headers

The majority of vibe-coded applications launch without essential HTTP security headers like Content-Security-Policy and Strict-Transport-Security.

Source: VAS Internal Research (2025)

Understanding AI Code Security Data

The security statistics for AI-generated code paint a concerning picture that every developer using vibe coding tools should understand. The landmark Stanford University study found that developers using AI assistants not only produced more vulnerable code but also exhibited overconfidence in their code's security. This combination of increased vulnerabilities and decreased vigilance creates significant risk.

The 40% vulnerability rate from Stanford's research applies specifically to security-sensitive tasks—authentication, input validation, cryptography, and data handling. For general coding tasks, AI performs well. But AI tools are particularly weak at security because they optimize for functionality: code that works correctly, compiles without errors, and produces expected output. Security requirements are often implicit and context-dependent, making them difficult for AI to infer.

The 80% figure for AI applications having at least one vulnerability comes from scanning deployed applications rather than code snippets. Real-world applications combine multiple components—frontend, backend, database, authentication—and vulnerabilities can exist at any layer or in the connections between them. The statistic reflects the cumulative probability of security issues across a complete application stack.

Common Vulnerability Types

These are the most frequently encountered security issues in vibe-coded applications, based on security scan data. Understanding these patterns helps prioritize remediation efforts.

Exposed API Keys

54%

Over half of AI-generated applications have API keys, database credentials, or other secrets exposed in client-side JavaScript bundles.

Missing Database Security

68%

Supabase RLS policies and Firebase Security Rules are frequently missing or misconfigured, allowing unauthorized data access.

Client-Side Auth Only

41%

Authentication checks exist in frontend code but are not enforced server-side, allowing bypasses.

Missing Security Headers

72%

HTTP security headers like CSP, X-Frame-Options, and HSTS are not configured.

Insufficient Input Validation

63%

User input is not properly validated, opening applications to injection attacks and XSS.

Insecure Dependencies

45%

AI-selected npm packages have known vulnerabilities or are unmaintained.

AI Coding Adoption Trends

AI coding tools have achieved widespread adoption, but security practices have not kept pace with usage growth.

78%
AI coding tool adoption

of developers report using AI coding tools at least weekly

Source: GitHub Developer Survey (2024)

55%
Productivity increase

of developers report significant productivity gains from AI tools

Source: GitHub Developer Survey (2024)

23%
Security training

of developers receive formal training on AI code security risks

Source: SANS Security Survey (2024)

34%
Code review of AI output

of developers thoroughly review AI-generated code before committing

Source: Stack Overflow Survey (2024)

The Security Gap

While 78% of developers use AI coding tools weekly, only 23% receive formal training on AI code security risks, and just 34% thoroughly review AI-generated code. This gap between adoption and security awareness creates systemic risk in the software ecosystem.

AI Code Security Timeline

2021

GitHub Copilot Preview

AI code generation becomes mainstream with Copilot's technical preview, sparking research into AI code security.

2022

Stanford Security Study

Researchers publish findings that AI coding assistants lead to more security vulnerabilities. The 40% vulnerability rate becomes a widely-cited statistic.

2023

Full-Stack AI Builders Emerge

Tools like GPT Engineer (now Lovable) and Bolt.new enable complete application generation from prompts, expanding security risks to entire applications.

2024

OWASP AI Security Guidelines

OWASP releases comprehensive guidelines for AI-generated code security. Industry begins formalizing security practices for vibe coding.

2025

Vibe Coding Term Coined

Andrej Karpathy popularizes 'vibe coding' terminology. Security scanning tools emerge specifically for AI-generated applications.

Research Sources

The statistics on this page are drawn from peer-reviewed research, industry surveys, and security organization reports. Here are the primary sources for further reading.

Do Users Write More Insecure Code with AI Assistants?

Stanford University (2023)

Controlled study finding that participants using AI assistants wrote significantly less secure code while believing their code was more secure.

Key Finding: 40% vulnerability rate in security-sensitive tasks

OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications

OWASP Foundation (2024)

Industry standard for understanding security risks in AI/LLM applications, including code generation vulnerabilities.

Key Finding: Systematic categorization of AI-specific security risks

GitHub Copilot Impact Study

GitHub/Microsoft Research (2022)

Large-scale study of Copilot's impact on developer productivity and code quality across thousands of repositories.

Key Finding: 55% productivity increase but security implications not measured

Methodology Notes

Stanford University Study: Conducted controlled experiments with participants completing security-relevant coding tasks with and without AI assistance. Measured vulnerability rates through static analysis and manual code review. Sample included professional developers and computer science students.

Vulnerability Prevalence Data: Based on automated security scanning of publicly accessible web applications built with AI coding tools. Applications were identified through platform indicators (Lovable, Bolt.new deployment patterns) and scanned using DAST methodology.

Adoption Statistics: Drawn from large-scale developer surveys by GitHub, Stack Overflow, and SANS Institute. Sample sizes ranged from 5,000 to 90,000 respondents depending on the survey.

Limitations: Security statistics reflect point-in-time measurements. Vulnerability rates may vary by application type, developer experience, and AI tool used. Industry data may have selection bias toward developers who participate in surveys.

Don't Be a Statistic

80% of AI-built apps have security vulnerabilities. Scan your vibe-coded application before deployment to identify and fix issues that automated research consistently finds in AI-generated code.