Startup Security

Startup Security Mistakes

The most expensive errors startups make with security—and how to avoid them.

Costly Security Mistakes

"We'll Add Security Later"

Very Common

Startups prioritize features over security, planning to 'fix it before we scale.' But security debt compounds, and breaches don't wait for your timeline.

Consequence

Retrofitting security costs 10-100x more than building it in. Breaches often happen to small startups precisely because they're easy targets.

Prevention

Build basic security from day one. It takes 30 minutes to configure auth properly; it takes months to recover from a breach.

Hardcoded Credentials in Code

Very Common

API keys, database passwords, and secrets committed to repos 'temporarily' for testing. They never get removed.

Consequence

Automated bots scan public repos and find secrets within minutes. AWS bills, data breaches, and service abuse follow quickly.

Prevention

Use environment variables from day one. Set up .gitignore before your first commit. Use secret scanning tools.

Production Data in Development

Common

Using real customer data for testing because 'it's easier' and 'we're small anyway.'

Consequence

Dev environments are less secure. A breach exposes real customer data. GDPR/CCPA violations can result in massive fines.

Prevention

Generate fake data for development. Use data anonymization for any production data used in testing.

No Access Control on Internal Tools

Common

Admin dashboards and internal tools without authentication because 'only we know the URL.'

Consequence

URLs get shared, guessed, or found in browser history. Attackers gain full admin access.

Prevention

Add authentication to everything. Even internal tools need login. Even if 'only the team uses it.'

Shared Credentials Among Team

Very Common

Everyone uses the same AWS root account, shares database passwords in Slack, no individual accounts.

Consequence

When someone leaves (or gets phished), you have to change everything. No audit trail for who did what.

Prevention

Individual accounts for everyone. Password manager for team credentials. SSO when possible.

No Backup or Recovery Plan

Common

Assuming the cloud provider handles everything. No tested backups, no recovery procedure.

Consequence

Ransomware, accidental deletion, or provider issues cause complete data loss. Business stops.

Prevention

Automated backups. Tested recovery. Know your RPO (Recovery Point Objective) and RTO (Recovery Time Objective).

Security Priorities by Stage

Pre-Seed / Bootstrapped

Focus On
  • Use environment variables for secrets
  • Enable MFA on all accounts
  • Basic authentication on all user-facing features
  • Run a security scan before any public launch
Can Wait

Fancy compliance tools, pen testing (yet)

Seed

Focus On
  • Proper access controls and audit logging
  • Documented security practices
  • Incident response plan (even simple)
  • Regular security scanning
Can Wait

Full SOC 2 (unless customers require it)

Series A+

Focus On
  • SOC 2 or equivalent certification
  • Security team or dedicated owner
  • Bug bounty program
  • Regular penetration testing
Can Wait

Building custom security tools

Quick Security Wins

Enable MFA everywhere
Prevents most account takeovers
30 minutes
Set up .gitignore before first commit
Prevents secret exposure
5 minutes
Run a security scan
Find obvious vulnerabilities
10 minutes
Configure database RLS/auth
Prevents data exposure
1 hour
Add rate limiting to auth endpoints
Prevents brute force attacks
30 minutes
Move secrets to environment variables
Prevents credential exposure
1 hour

Find Your Security Gaps

A quick security scan can identify the vulnerabilities your startup is most likely to have. Fix them before attackers find them.

Free Security Scan

Frequently Asked Questions

When should a startup start thinking about security?

Day one. Not after you get funding, not after your first customer, not after you scale. Basic security hygiene (secrets management, authentication, access control) takes minimal time upfront but is exponentially harder to retrofit. You don't need a security team—you need basic habits.

We're too small to be a target, right?

Wrong. Small startups are often easier targets than large companies. Automated attacks don't care about your size—they scan the entire internet for vulnerabilities. Your startup might be hit just because you left an S3 bucket public or committed an API key.

What's the most important security step for startups?

Proper authentication and authorization. Most startup breaches come from missing or broken auth—admin pages without login, API endpoints without verification, users accessing each other's data. Get auth right and you've solved half your security problems.

How much should a startup spend on security?

Early stage: nearly $0 if you build it right. Basic security practices are free. As you grow, budget 5-10% of engineering time for security. After Series A, consider dedicated security resources. The cost of a breach is always higher than prevention.

Do I need SOC 2 as an early-stage startup?

Usually not until customers or investors require it. Focus on actual security practices first. SOC 2 is about documenting what you do—if you're not doing security basics, certification is just expensive theater. Build real security, then certify it.

Last updated: January 16, 2026