Research Analysis

AI-Generated Code Vulnerabilities

Research shows AI-generated code contains more vulnerabilities than human-written code. Here's what the data says and how to protect your applications.

Find vulnerabilities AI introduced to your codebase.

What Research Shows

40%

of AI-generated code contains security vulnerabilities

Source: Stanford University, 2022
Study of code generated by Codex (GPT-3 based)
45%

of AI-generated code has at least one security flaw

Source: Veracode State of Software Security, 2025
Analysis of production codebases
33%

of developers who used AI wrote less secure code

Source: Stanford University, 2023
Controlled study comparing AI-assisted vs manual coding
3x

increase in exposed API keys since AI coding tools became mainstream

Source: GitGuardian, 2024
Public repository analysis

Common Vulnerability Types

Authentication & Authorization

Very Common

Examples

  • Missing authentication on API endpoints
  • Client-side only authorization checks
  • Weak JWT implementation
  • Session handling flaws

Why AI Gets This Wrong

AI models trained on tutorial code that skips auth for simplicity

Secrets Exposure

Very Common

Examples

  • Hardcoded API keys in code
  • Secrets in client-side bundles
  • Missing .gitignore entries
  • Credentials in comments

Why AI Gets This Wrong

AI suggests example code patterns that use inline secrets

Injection Vulnerabilities

Common

Examples

  • SQL injection via string concatenation
  • NoSQL injection
  • Command injection
  • LDAP injection

Why AI Gets This Wrong

AI generates syntactically correct but insecure query patterns

XSS & Frontend Security

Common

Examples

  • dangerouslySetInnerHTML usage
  • Missing output encoding
  • Insecure iframe configurations
  • Missing CSP headers

Why AI Gets This Wrong

AI doesn't understand security context, suggests patterns that 'work'

Cryptography Misuse

Moderate

Examples

  • Weak hashing algorithms (MD5, SHA1)
  • Insecure random number generation
  • Hardcoded encryption keys
  • Deprecated crypto libraries

Why AI Gets This Wrong

AI trained on older code with outdated crypto practices

Dependency Issues

Common

Examples

  • Vulnerable package versions
  • Hallucinated package names
  • Outdated dependencies
  • Unnecessary dependencies

Why AI Gets This Wrong

AI suggests packages it was trained on, which may be outdated

Key Research Findings

Developers Trust AI Too Much

Developers who believe AI-generated code is secure are more likely to introduce vulnerabilities. The confidence AI provides leads to reduced code review.

Source: Stanford, 2023

Context Matters

AI generates more secure code when given security-specific prompts. Generic prompts produce code optimized for functionality, not security.

Source: Various studies

Pattern Matching ≠ Security Understanding

AI generates code that looks correct by pattern-matching training data. It doesn't understand why certain patterns are insecure.

Source: NYU, 2023

Training Data Age

AI models trained on historical code suggest outdated security practices. Crypto recommendations and library versions lag behind current best practices.

Source: Veracode, 2025

How to Protect Your Code

Security-Focused Prompting

Explicitly ask for secure code. Mention specific security requirements in your prompts.

Example: Generate a secure login function using bcrypt for password hashing

Mandatory Code Review

Review all AI-generated code, especially authentication, data handling, and security-critical functions.

Example: Establish review checklists for AI-generated code

Automated Scanning

Use security scanners to catch vulnerabilities AI introduces. Run scans before every deployment.

Example: Integrate SAST/DAST into CI/CD pipelines

Use Security Libraries

Instead of accepting AI-generated security code, use established libraries like Auth0, bcrypt, Helmet.

Example: Replace AI auth code with NextAuth or Clerk

Verify Dependencies

Check that AI-suggested packages exist, are maintained, and are secure. Run npm audit.

Example: Verify package names and run security audits

Find AI-Introduced Vulnerabilities

Our scanner specifically checks for vulnerabilities commonly introduced by AI coding tools - exposed secrets, auth issues, injection vulnerabilities, and more.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Is AI-generated code less secure than human-written code?

Research suggests yes, on average. Studies show AI-generated code contains more vulnerabilities, and developers using AI are more likely to introduce security flaws. However, AI can also help find vulnerabilities - the key is using it correctly.

Which AI coding tools are most secure?

No AI coding tool guarantees secure code. Copilot, Cursor, Claude, and others all generate code with similar vulnerability patterns. Security depends on how you use the tool, not which tool you use.

Can I trust AI for authentication code?

No. Authentication is the most common category of AI-generated vulnerabilities. Always use established auth libraries (Auth0, NextAuth, Clerk) instead of AI-generated auth implementations.

How do I make AI generate more secure code?

Include security requirements in your prompts ('use parameterized queries', 'hash passwords with bcrypt'). But always review the output - prompting helps but doesn't guarantee security.

Should I stop using AI coding tools?

No, but use them thoughtfully. AI accelerates development but requires security awareness. Treat AI suggestions as starting points, not finished code. Review everything, especially security-critical code.