Security Analysis

Is MongoDB Safe?

Last updated: January 12, 2026

An honest security analysis of MongoDB for developers considering it for their projects.

Quick Answer

Safe on Atlas - self-hosted requires careful configuration

MongoDB Atlas is enterprise-secure, but MongoDB has a troubled history with exposed instances. Tens of thousands of self-hosted MongoDB databases were ransomed due to no authentication. Atlas enforces auth by default. Still need IP allowlists and NoSQL injection prevention.

Known Security Incidents

Mass MongoDB Ransomware Attacks

2017-2020

Tens of thousands of MongoDB instances were wiped and ransomed because self-hosted MongoDB had no authentication enabled by default. Attackers scanned for open port 27017 and deleted data. This led MongoDB to change defaults and promote Atlas.

Security Assessment

Security Strengths

  • MongoDB Atlas enforces authentication by default (unlike self-hosted)
  • SOC 2, HIPAA, PCI DSS compliant on Atlas
  • Encryption at rest with customer-managed keys option
  • Network peering and private endpoints for VPC isolation
  • Field-level encryption for sensitive data

Security Concerns

  • Historical reputation: 10,000s of MongoDB instances exposed due to no-auth defaults
  • NoSQL injection is different from SQL injection - developers often miss it
  • IP allowlist often set to 0.0.0.0/0 (anywhere) during development and forgotten
  • Connection strings contain credentials - exposure means full database access
  • Self-hosted MongoDB has no auth by default - Atlas is safer

Security Checklist for MongoDB

  • 1
    Use MongoDB Atlas instead of self-hosted - auth is enforced by default
  • 2
    Never set IP allowlist to 0.0.0.0/0 in production - restrict to your server IPs
  • 3
    Store connection strings in environment variables with restricted access
  • 4
    Prevent NoSQL injection: never pass user input directly to queries, use $eq operator
  • 5
    Enable Atlas audit logging to track who accessed what data
  • 6
    Use field-level encryption for PII and sensitive data

The Verdict

MongoDB's reputation suffered from the mass ransomware attacks on exposed instances, but that was a self-hosted default configuration issue. MongoDB Atlas enforces authentication and provides enterprise security. Use Atlas, restrict IP allowlists, and prevent NoSQL injection - different syntax than SQL injection.

Security Research & Industry Data

Understanding MongoDB security in the context of broader industry trends and research.

10.3%

of Lovable applications (170 out of 1,645) had exposed user data in the CVE-2025-48757 incident

Source: CVE-2025-48757 security advisory

4.45 million USD

average cost of a data breach in 2023

Source: IBM Cost of a Data Breach Report 2023

500,000+

developers using vibe coding platforms like Lovable, Bolt, and Replit

Source: Combined platform statistics 2024-2025

What Security Experts Say

Vibe coding your way to a production codebase is clearly risky. Most of the work we do as software engineers involves evolving existing systems, where the quality and understandability of the underlying code is crucial.

Simon WillisonSecurity Researcher, Django Co-creator

The problem with AI-generated code isn't that it doesn't work - it's that it works just well enough to ship, but contains subtle security flaws that are hard to spot.

Security Research CommunityCollective wisdom from security researchers

Frequently Asked Questions

Why did so many MongoDB databases get hacked?

Self-hosted MongoDB historically had no authentication enabled by default. Attackers scanned for open port 27017 and found tens of thousands of exposed databases. MongoDB Atlas solves this by enforcing authentication. Always use Atlas or explicitly configure auth on self-hosted.

What is NoSQL injection?

NoSQL injection attacks MongoDB queries differently than SQL injection. Example: passing {"$gt": ""} as a username bypasses string comparison. Prevent by using explicit operators like $eq and never passing raw user input to queries. MongoDB drivers have built-in protections if used correctly.

Is MongoDB Atlas safer than self-hosted?

Yes. Atlas enforces authentication by default, includes encryption, and provides network isolation options. Self-hosted MongoDB requires manual security configuration. The mass ransomware attacks primarily affected self-hosted instances with default (no-auth) configurations.

How do I secure my MongoDB connection string?

Store connection strings in environment variables, never in code. Use secrets managers (AWS Secrets Manager, HashiCorp Vault). Restrict IP allowlists to only your application servers. On Atlas, enable VPC peering or private endpoints for production workloads.

Verify Your MongoDB App Security

Don't guess - scan your app and know for certain. VAS checks for all the common security issues in MongoDB applications.